Evaluation of CBRN risk mitigation interventions - IcSP

This synthesis report reviews how the EU CBRN CoE Initiative strengthened partner countries’ ability to prevent, detect and respond to CBRN threats, drawing on desk research and 11 field missions in 13 countries.

This synthesis reviews eight EU IcSP-funded projects (2015–2023) under the CBRN Centres of Excellence Initiative, supporting partner countries to prevent, detect and respond to chemical, biological, radiological and nuclear risks. Evidence draws on desk research, a theory-based approach, 11 field missions (May 2024–Feb 2025), participation in the CBRN Academy in Turin, and over 75 interviews.

The projects were highly relevant, addressing outbreak management, biosafety and biosecurity, medical preparedness, border controls, forensics, nuclear security, and chemicals and waste management. The demand-driven model strengthened national ownership, though inclusivity and continuity often depended on National Focal Points, and weak National Action Plans required reliance on international standards.

EU added value lay in practical training, networking and regulatory support, improving inter-agency cooperation and producing SOPs and guidance. Sustainability was strongest when results were embedded in national systems and budgets, but challenged by staff turnover, limited curriculum integration and maintenance constraints. Coordination with other EU and donor programmes was uneven, and gender, rights-based and environmental approaches were not consistently mainstreamed. Recommendations call for stronger policy and budget alignment, earlier sustainability planning, improved coordination, and more flexible, gender-responsive delivery.